Capabilities

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• CP-1000 Capabilities

  Capabilities represent the ability of a system or organization to execute functions at a required performance level to achieve (strategic and operational) organizational objectives. They are expressed in general and high-level terms and are typically realized by a combination of organization, people, processes, information, and technology. In the context of the C3 Taxonomy, capabilities are focussed on their relevance to military missions. The Capability Hierarchy Framework (CHF) is used as inspiration for several artefacts that benefit from a connection with the NATO Defence Planning Process (NDPP). • Consultation Capabilities – to involve high-level discussions and coordination among national and international political and military leaders to develop and align overarching security goals, policies, and strategic priorities. • Command and Control (C2) Capabilities – to exercise cross-domain authority over and direct full spectrum of assigned and attached forces in the accomplishment of the mission. • Communication and Information System (CIS) Capabilities – to secure and effective communication, core enterprise and functional services across all domains in support to forces, activities and missions. • Information Management (IM) Capabilities – to establish and maintain the situational awareness and level of knowledge required to allow commanders at all levels to make timely and informed decisions and develop cognitive superiority. • Battlespace Management (BSM) Capabilities – to provide the necessary adaptive means, measures, procedures and tools that enable the dynamic synchronization of activities in the battlespace across a military force.

  • CP-1027 Consultation Capabilities

    The Consultation capabilities represent the ability to enable the exchange of views and conduct deliberations amongst the highest authorities in order to harmonize positions and formulate recommendations on issues of common concern; to communicate and coordinate with other actors which are present or involved in the operational area and effective information exchange with the political and military leadership; to plan, employ and coordinate civilian activities with other actors and organizations.

    • CP-1124 Policy and Strategy Development Capabilities

      The Policy and Strategy Development capabilities represent the ability to formulate and periodically update defense policies and strategic priorities to address emerging security challenges, geopolitical shifts, and international obligations. It involves high-level discussions on security doctrines, defense posture, and long-term vision to ensure that military capabilities align with national interests and diplomatic goals.

    • CP-1038 Transformation and Capacity Building Capabilities

      The Transformation and Capacity Building capabilities represent the ability to upgrade, modernize and transform military forces through technological advancements, new equipment, training programs, and a deliberate focus on interoperability. It aims to enhance operational effectiveness, adapt to evolving threats, and maintain a credible deterrent, fostering resilience and readiness.

    • CP-1125 Budgeting and Resource Allocation Capabilities

      The Budgeting and Resource Allocation capabilities represent the ability to plan, manage and oversee defense expenditures to optimize the use of resources with a focus on even burden sharing and investment in common capabilities and needs. It includes reviewing budget proposals, ensuring fiscal accountability, and prioritizing funding for critical projects and personnel to sustain and enhance defense capacities efficiently.

    • CP-1052 Cooperation and Relationship Building Capabilities

      The Cooperation and Relationship Building capabilities represent the ability to develop and maintain strategic partnerships, alliances, and collaborative security arrangements with nations and with national and international organizations. It encompasses diplomatic relations, information and knowledge sharing, joint exercises and combined operations that strengthen collective security and promote stability.

    • CP-1102 Scientific Research and Innovation Capabilities

      The Scientific Research and Innovation capabilities represent the ability to foster innovation in defense technology and research by encouraging partnerships with civilian research institutions, industry players, and academia. It aims to develop cutting-edge solutions, improve existing systems, and stay ahead of advancements in military technology.

    • CP-1126 Crisis Response and Conflict Management Capabilities

      The Crisis Response and Conflict Management capabilities represent the ability to plan and coordinate the response to crises such as conflicts, terrorism, natural disasters, or humanitarian emergencies. It involves establishing protocols, interoperability with civil agencies, and international peacekeeping efforts to effectively manage and mitigate security incidents.

  • CP-1022 Command and Control Capabilities

    The Command and Control (C2) capabilities represent the ability to direct, coordinate and control assigned and attached forces across all domains in the accomplishment of specific mission objectives. It encompasses the planning, directing, coordinating, and monitoring of activities across all levels of operation. Effective C2 ensures that information flows efficiently from strategic to tactical levels, enabling commanders to make informed decisions, issue orders, and adapt to evolving circumstances in real time. It also includes the integration of communication systems, intelligence, and operational assets to synchronize efforts, maintain situational awareness, and achieve operational unity. Ultimately, command and control facilitate the flexible and responsive management of military forces in complex, dynamic environments.

    • CP-1087 Strategic C2 Capabilities

      The Strategic Command and Control (C2) capabilities represent the ability to direct, coordinate and control military forces at the military-strategic level. This level ensures that military efforts align with political directives and international commitments, providing a broad framework within which operational and tactical decisions are made. With strategic C2 the focus is on long-term planning, policy formulation, and overarching objectives that guide military operations globally or across multiple theaters. It involves high-level decision-making while considering geopolitical consequences, allocation of resources, and the establishment of alliances or partnerships.

    • CP-1091 Operational C2 Capabilities

      The Operational Command and Control (C2) capabilities represent the ability to direct, coordinate and control military forces at the operational level. This level bridges strategy and tactics by coordinating campaigns and major operations that deploy military resources to accomplish strategic objectives. With operational C2 the focus is on overseeing multiple campaigns and ensuring that logistics, intelligence, and communication systems work effectively across different regions and mission areas. Strategic intentions are translated into actionable plans, organizing forces into operational units, and managing the movement and engagement of forces to achieve specific outcomes that support the broader strategic directives.

    • CP-1117 Tactical C2 Capabilities

      The Tactical Command and Control (C2) capabilities represent the ability to direct, coordinate and control military forces at the tactical level. This level is concerned with the actual conduct of battles, engagements, and specific missions. With tactical C2 the focus is on immediate decision-making related to troop movements, weapon deployment, and real-time responses to enemy actions and plans. Operational plans are executed by leveraging detailed intelligence, terrain analysis, and situational awareness to accomplish objectives efficiently and effectively, often within a confined area or timeframe.

  • CP-1023 Communication and Information System Capabilities

    The Communication and Information System (CIS) capabilities represent the ability to provide the systems, networks and protocols that enable secure, reliable, and efficient flow of information across all domains in support to forces, activities and missions. These capabilities encompass a wide range of functions, including voice, data, and video communications, intelligence sharing, command and control, and cybersecurity measures. They integrate hardware such as satellites, radio networks, and data centers with software applications and encryption techniques to ensure confidentiality, integrity, and availability of critical information. Effective CIS are essential for maintaining situational awareness, coordinating operational efforts, and supporting decision-making in complex, dynamic, and often contested environments, ultimately enhancing combat effectiveness, interoperability, and mission success.

    • CP-1122 IT Services Capabilities

      The Information Technology (IT) Services capabilities represent the ability to deliver digital functions that support military operations, such as data processing, information sharing, and application hosting. These services include email, cloud storage, collaboration tools, and mission-critical software applications, ensuring that personnel and command centers can access and utilize information efficiently and reliably. The organization prioritizes service availability, performance, and user support to maintain operational readiness across diverse locations and mission areas.

    • CP-1067 IT Infrastructure Capabilities

      The Information Technology (IT) Infrastructure capabilities represent the ability to enable the interoperability, integration and optimalization of IT infrastructure, providing the common foundation and standard interfaces to deliver IT services effectively. This includes servers, data centers, networking equipment, and communication links that form the backbone of a secure digital environment. Ensuring the robustness, scalability, and resilience of this infrastructure is vital for maintaining continuous communications, protecting against failures or disruptions, and supporting large-scale data transmission essential for operational coordination and intelligence sharing.

    • CP-1127 Communication Services Capabilities

      The Communication Services capabilities represent the ability to provide core communication functions necessary for secure and reliable voice, video, and data exchanges between forces, command centres, and participating nations. This includes satellite communications, radio networks, secure messaging platforms, and real-time command and control systems. The focus is on ensuring interoperability, encryption, and low latency to facilitate rapid decision-making and seamless coordination during military operations in varied and often contested environments.

    • CP-1024 Communications Infrastructure Capabilities

      The Communications Infrastructure capabilities represent the ability to deliver the physical and network architecture that supports communications services with optimal characteristics in terms of speed, bandwidth and quality of service. This infrastructure must be resilient against physical and cyber threats, adaptable to diverse environments, and capable of supporting both static and mobile communications at all levels of command. Ideally, a military communications infrastructure can host multiple information domains with different security policies, on dispersed operational locations, with a stable bearer network between them.

    • CP-1016 CIS Security Capabilities

      The Communication and Information Systems (CIS) Security capabilities represent the ability to safeguard sensitive data and maintain operational integrity. This involves implementing comprehensive cybersecurity measures, including encryption, intrusion detection, access controls, and threat monitoring. Protecting against cyber attacks, espionage, and unauthorized access ensures that adversaries cannot intercept or disrupt communications, thereby maintaining the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of vital information across all levels of command. The security of the Communication and Information Systems are critical for the protection of communication, information, and other electronic systems, and the information that is stored, processed or transmitted in these systems, with respect to confidentiality, integrity, availability, authentication and non-repudiation.

    • CP-1104 Service Management and Control Capabilities

      The Service Management and Control (SMC) capabilities represent the ability to oversee the lifecycle of communication and information systems (CIS) capabilities to ensure they meet organizational needs and standards. It includes establishing and enforcing IT governance policies, service level agreements (SLAs), and best practices to maintain consistent service quality, availability, and security. This involves continuous monitoring, incident management, change control, and performance assessment to proactively address issues, optimize system performance, and adapt to evolving operational requirements.

  • CP-1059 Information Management Capabilities

    The Information Management (IM) capabilities represent the ability to establish and maintain the situational awareness and level of knowledge required to allow commanders at all levels to make timely and informed decisions and develop cognitive superiority.

    • CP-1020 Information Collection Capabilities

      The Information Collection capabilities represent the ability to exploit sources generated by collection agencies and provide timely delivery of the information obtained to the appropriate processing unit for use in the production of intelligence, situational awareness and support of decision-making. Information Collection depends on the cross-service and coalition tasking of ISR platforms (e.g., satellites, UAVs, ground sensors), special operations forces (SOF), cyber sensors, etc. and the integration of Intelligence disciplines such as: HUMINT, SIGINT, GEOINT, MASINT, CYBINT, OSINT.

      • CP-1001 Acoustic Source Collection

        The Acoustic Source Collection capability represents the ability to collect timely and accurate information from the acoustic phenomena.

      • CP-1057 Human Source Collection

        The Human Source Collection capability represents the ability to collect timely and accurate information from human sources.

      • CP-1058 Imagery Source Collection

        The Imagery Source Collection capability represents the ability to collect timely and accurate information from active or passive imagery sensors.

      • CP-1084 Measurement and Signature Source Collection

        The Measurement and Signature Source Collection capability represents the ability to collect timely and accurate information obtained by quantitative and qualitative analysis of data from sensing instruments for the purpose of identifying any distinctive features associated with the source.

      • CP-1090 Open Source Collection

        The Open Source Collection capability represents the ability to collect timely and accurate information from publicly available information, as well as other unclassified information that has limited public distribution or access.

      • CP-1105 Signals Source Collection

        The Signals Source Collection capability represents the ability to collect timely and accurate information from electromagnetic signals or emissions, or transmission of data.

      • CP-1032 Cyberspace Source Collection

        The Cyberspace Source Collection capability represents the ability to collect timely and accurate information from cyberspace sources.

    • CP-1097 Information Processing Capabilities

      The Information Processing capabilities represent the ability to convert data and information from all available sources into relevant and usable intelligence products and support through collation, evaluation, analysis, integration and interpretation. Information Processing includes the preparation, transformation and formatting of raw data collected from diverse sources and further exploitation and analysis through data normalization, translation, formatting, decryption, and decompilation of signals. It is a critical activity for ensuring data consistency, security, and alignment to mission requirements.

    • CP-1033 Information Exploitation Capabilities

      The Information Exploitation capabilities represent the ability to leverage data to improve situational awareness and understanding to achieve advantage over potential adversaries and enhance other operational processes. Information Exploitation depends on advanced analysis, data science, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) techniques, leveraging computational models to extract value from the processed data. The focus shifts to pattern recognition, predictive analytics, and insight generation. These techniques deliver abilities like analysis and decision support, Natural Language Processing (NLP), ML modelling, data mining and big data analysis.

      • CP-1034 Data Science

        The Data Science capability represents the ability to implement data exploitation plans to support wider organizational goals, ensuring alignment with organizational and legislative policy requirements.

      • CP-1036 Data Technology Integration

        The Data Technology Integration capability represents the ability to identify organizational data and information technology gaps, develop solutions and implement them in line with organizational policy and doctrine.

      • CP-1035 Data Skills Integration

        The Data Skills Integration capability represents the ability to identify shortfalls in organizational data skillsets, develop solutions and close the gaps through acquisition and training.

    • CP-1123 Information Protection Capabilities

      The Information Protection capabilities represent the ability to ensure data security, operational security (OPSEC) and information assurance. Information Protection exploits functionalities such as encryption, secure data storage, multi-factor authentication, and compartmentalized systems, making certain that only authorized personnel access critical information. It depends on secure communication systems, encrypted data channels and storage facilities, and capable cyber defence platforms.

    • CP-1041 Information Dissemination Capabilities

      The Information Dissemination capabilities represent the ability to provide timely intelligence and knowledge data, information and support to political decision-makers, commanders, planners and operators, in an appropriate form and by any suitable means. These include systems and services for (near) real-time push/pull dissemination to ensure that information reaches decision-makers quickly and exploit functionalities in communication channels, command post tools and battlespace management systems.

  • CP-1010 Battlespace Management Capabilities

    The Battlespace Management (BSM) capabilities represent the ability to coordinate, deploy and manage military assets, information, and operations within a designated battlespace to achieve strategic and tactical objectives. It encompasses the integration of intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance, command and control, logistics, and communication systems to maintain situational awareness, optimize resource allocation, and facilitate rapid decision-making. The goal of battlespace management is to provide commanders with a clear, real-time picture of the operational environment, enabling them to direct forces effectively, respond to threats swiftly, and adapt strategies dynamically. It’s a multidisciplinary approach that ensures synchronization and harmony among all elements within the battlespace.

    • CP-1068 Joint Battlespace Management Capabilities

      The Joint Battlespace Management (BSM) capabilities represent the ability to provide the necessary adaptive means, measures, procedures and tools that enable the dynamic synchronization of activities in the physical and non-physical battlespace across a joint force.

    • CP-1004 Air Battlespace Management Capabilities

      The Air Battlespace Management capabilities represent the ability to provide the necessary adaptive means, measures and procedures that enable the dynamic synchronization of activities in the physical Air battlespace.

    • CP-1072 Land Battlespace Management Capabilities

      The Land Battlespace Management capabilities represent the ability to provide the necessary adaptive means, measures and procedures that enable the dynamic synchronization of activities in the physical land battlespace.

    • CP-1079 Maritime Battlespace Management Capabilities

      The Maritime Battlespace Management capabilities represent the ability to provide the necessary adaptive means, measures and procedures that enable the dynamic synchronization of activities in the physical maritime battlespace.

    • CP-1107 Space Battlespace Management Capabilities

      The Space Battlespace Management capabilities represent the ability to provide the necessary adaptive means, measures and procedures that enable the dynamic synchronization of activities in the physical Space battlespace.

    • CP-1030 Cyberspace Battlespace Management Capabilities

      The Cyberspace Battlespace Management capabilities represent the ability to enable the interoperability and integration of different Cyberspace Battlespace Management capabilities provided by individual organizations to be used coherently to collectively achieve synergies, enhance resilience. Cyberspace Battlespace Management capabilities enable mapping and managing the fluid environment of the constant contact and shifting cyber terrain. Key terrain in cyberspace exists at all of the cyberspace planes, which include at least the physical, logical and cyber- persona layers, and they often manifest themselves logically instead of physically; features of cyber terrain will not be tied to a specific location, or the geographic location will be irrelevant. Conduct of cyberspace operations (COs) always includes the logical plane, but may also include activities or elements from the other two layers.

    • CP-1043 Electromagnetic Spectrum Management Capabilities

      The Electromagnetic Spectrum Management capabilities represent the ability to enable the interoperability and integration of different Electromagnetic Spectrum Management (ESM) capabilities. The electromagnetic spectrum pervades all other physical environments, providing potential benefit (a significant source of intelligence, for example) and potential vulnerability (in being comparatively easy to disrupt or deny). ESM provides freedom of manoeuvre within the electromagnetic environment, through coordination, consolidation, deconfliction, and allocation of all radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic spectrum usage, as well as the identification and resolution of electromagnetic interference (EMI) within the operational environment. Awareness of adversaries' electromagnetic exploitation capabilities must be considered during planning and factored into the emissions control policy to prevent inadvertent disclosure by friendly assets.